2020-09 Putnal
This lot is closed for bidding. Bidding ended on 9/26/2020
Certificate for Guy Payne, May 18, 1916, 21-1/2"x16-1/2" issued by the Nord-Amerikanischer Turner-Bund of Philadelphia. Signed by three committee members. With seal. Fine condition.Turners are members of German-American gymnastic clubs called Turnverein. They promoted German culture, physical culture, liberal politics, and supported the Union war effort during the American Civil War. Turners, especially Francis Lieber, 1798-1872, were the leading sponsors of gymnastics as an American sport and the field of academic study. They were leading promoters of gymnastics in the United States as a sport, and as a school subject. In the United States, the movement declined after 1900, and especially after 1917.
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